In-Depth Travel Guide: Things to Do in Cusco

Introduction to the City

Cusco, once the capital of the Inca Empire, is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site and the gateway to Machu Picchu. The city is a vibrant blend of Incan history and colonial architecture, surrounded by the stunning Andes mountains. Its rich cultural heritage, colorful markets, and warm hospitality make it a must-visit destination for travelers seeking a unique experience.

Best Time to Visit

The best time to visit Cusco is during the dry season, which runs from May to September. This period offers clear skies and pleasant temperatures, ideal for trekking and outdoor activities. However, be prepared for larger crowds during peak tourist months (June and July). The rainy season (November to March) sees fewer tourists but brings heavy rainfall, particularly in January and February.

Getting There

Cusco is accessible by air, land, and train. The Alejandro Velasco Astete International Airport (CUZ) connects Cusco with major cities in Peru and some international destinations. Alternatively, long-distance buses from Lima or Arequipa offer a scenic, budget-friendly option, taking around 21-24 hours. The train to Machu Picchu departs from Cusco, with services to Aguas Calientes.

Getting Around

Walking is the best way to explore Cusco’s compact city center, but be prepared for steep hills. Taxis are readily available, and ridesharing apps like Uber operate in the area. Local buses and combis (shared vans) are also options for exploring surrounding neighborhoods. For more distant attractions, consider hiring a private driver or joining a tour.

Top Attractions

1. Sacsayhuamán

A UNESCO World Heritage Site, this impressive Inca fortress features massive stone walls and offers panoramic views of the city.

2. Qorikancha (Temple of the Sun)

Once the most important temple in the Inca Empire, this site showcases both Inca and colonial architecture.

3. Plaza de Armas

The main square of Cusco, lined with cafes, shops, and historic buildings, including the Cathedral of Cusco.

4. San Pedro Market

A bustling market where you can find local produce, handicrafts, and traditional Peruvian food.

5. Inca Museum

This museum houses an extensive collection of Inca artifacts, textiles, and exhibits on Andean culture.

Things to Do

• Trek to Machu Picchu: Take the iconic Inca Trail or opt for the Salkantay Trek for breathtaking views.
• Explore the Sacred Valley: Visit Ollantaytambo, Pisac, and Moray, showcasing Incan agricultural terraces and ruins.
• Attend a Traditional Festival: Experience local culture by participating in festivals like Inti Raymi (Festival of the Sun) in June.
• Try Peruvian Cuisine: Take a cooking class or join a food tour to explore local dishes like ceviche and lomo saltado.

Where to Stay

• Luxury: Belmond Hotel Monasterio and JW Marriott El Convento Cusco offer upscale accommodations with stunning architecture.
• Mid-Range: Novotel Cusco and Tierra Viva offer comfortable stays with modern amenities.
• Budget: Hostels like Pariwana and The Point offer affordable options and a social atmosphere.

Where to Eat

• Fine Dining: Enjoy contemporary Peruvian cuisine at restaurants like Cicciolina and MAP Café.
• Local Delights: Try local favorites at La Cusqueñita and El Meson de la Tradicion.
• Street Food: Sample snacks like empanadas or anticuchos from street vendors in San Pedro Market.

Shopping

Explore local markets for handmade textiles, pottery, and jewelry. San Pedro Market is excellent for souvenirs, while the artisan shops in San Blas offer unique crafts. Look for items made from alpaca wool, silver jewelry, and traditional Peruvian clothing.

Cultural Etiquette & Customs

• Greet locals with a smile and a handshake.
• If invited to someone’s home, it’s customary to bring a small gift.
• Dress modestly when visiting churches and sacred sites.
• Learn basic Spanish phrases to enhance your interactions.

Safety and Health Tips

• Altitude sickness: Cusco sits at 3,400 meters (11,200 feet). Acclimatize slowly and stay hydrated.
• Personal belongings: Keep valuables secure and be cautious in crowded areas.
• Health precautions: Drink bottled water, and be cautious with street food. Consult a doctor for vaccinations.

Day Trips & Excursions

• Rainbow Mountain: A stunning natural wonder known for its vibrant colors, best visited on a guided tour.
• Moray and Salinas: Explore the circular terraces of Moray and the salt ponds of Maras.
• Tipón: Visit this archaeological site with impressive terraces and aqueducts.

Itinerary Suggestions

3-Day Itinerary

Day 1: Arrive in Cusco, acclimatize, and explore Plaza de Armas, Qorikancha, and San Pedro Market.

Day 2: Day trip to the Sacred Valley, visiting Ollantaytambo and Pisac.

Day 3: Trek to Machu Picchu or visit Sacsayhuamán and nearby Inca ruins.

5-Day Itinerary

Days 1-3: Follow the 3-day itinerary above.

Day 4: Explore Moray and Salinas, returning to Cusco for the evening.

Day 5: Visit Rainbow Mountain or hike to one of the nearby lakes.

Travel Tips & Advice

• Book tours and train tickets in advance, especially during peak season.
• Adjust your itinerary based on weather conditions and local events.
• Use sunscreen and wear sunglasses due to high UV exposure at altitude.

Local Events & Festivals

• Inti Raymi (Festival of the Sun): Celebrated in June, this is a grand re-enactment of an Inca ceremony.
• Corpus Christi: A week-long festival in June featuring religious processions and traditional dances.

Photographer’s Guide

• Best views: Capture sunrise at Sacsayhuamán and the colorful streets of San Blas.
• Local life: Photograph daily life at San Pedro Market and during festivals.
• Landscapes: Explore the Sacred Valley for stunning mountain backdrops.

Sustainable Travel

• Choose eco-friendly tours and accommodations.
• Support local artisans and businesses.
• Be mindful of waste; take your trash with you and avoid single-use plastics.

Insider Tips

• Visit attractions early in the morning to avoid crowds.
• Engage with locals; they often have the best recommendations for hidden gems.
• Check local calendars for events or activities that might coincide with your visit.

With its rich history, breathtaking landscapes, and vibrant culture, Cusco offers a unique adventure for every traveller. Whether you’re exploring ancient ruins or savouring local cuisine, the city’s charm is sure to leave a lasting impression.